Author:  Keso Gigitashvili Editor:  Dr Seb Bytyci This report examines how the Responsibility to Protect (R2P) doctrine has been tested, contested, and politically manipulated in the context of the Russian-Ukrainian War. It analyses Russia’s misuse of R2P rhetoric to legitimise aggression, Ukraine’s attempts to uphold the doctrine’s core principles under conditions of war, and the broader limitations of international protection mechanisms when confronted by geopolitical paral

INTRODUCTION The Republic of Moldova, a small country situated between the EU and Russia, has long been vulnerable because of its heavy reliance on Russian-controlled energy infrastructure. The war in Ukraine and the 2025 Russian gas cutoff exposed this serious vulnerability. Responding to these challenges, the pro-EU Moldovan government has taken strong measures towards energy diversification and integration into the EU energy system. This article examines how Moldova is red

How are young Europeans navigating an age of digital disinformation and what must change to support them? Our FLAGSHIP peer-reviewed...